The Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Department of Sanya Central Hospital (The Third People's Hospital of Hainan Province) was established in 1985. It has the largest number of beds and the strongest technical force in southern Hainan. It is a rotation department for the standardized training of national resident doctors. It is also an undergraduate educational hospital for Hunan University of Medicine and Hainan Medical University. It undertakes the diagnosis and treatment of various common and frequently-occurring diseases in otolaryngology, as well as head and neck tumor diseases in southern Hainan. With excellent medical technology, meticulous specialized nursing, and first-class advanced equipment, adhering to the service concept of "establishing a disciplined brand, serving every patient, and making friends at home and abroad", it provides patients with safe, fast, and efficient medical services. Currently, there are 16 medical staff on the establishment, including 10 doctors (2 chief physicians, 3 associate chief physicians, 3 attending physicians, and 2 resident doctors), among whom 1 has a doctorate degree, 1 has a master's degree, and 2 specialized technicians. There are 23 specialized beds.

In 2019, it became an affiliated unit of the Sub-Center of the National Clinical Disease Research Center for Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Department. In 2023, the department was awarded the Hainan Sub-Center of the National Nasopharyngeal Cancer Early Screening Alliance. In 2023, the Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Department of Sanya Central Hospital was recognized as the Medical Quality Control Center for Otolaryngology in Sanya. In 2024, the department obtained the Hainan Provincial Allergy Laboratory funded by the Sanya Talent Development Special Construction. In 2024, Sanya Central Hospital decided to jointly build the Sleep Medicine Center of Sanya Central Hospital with the Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Department, the Sleep Medicine Department, and the Orthodontics Department.

The department is equipped with instruments and equipment for disease diagnosis and treatment:

Audiometry equipment includes the digital objective auditory test platform of Russian Resonance company, auditory evoked potential instrument, pure-tone audiometer of Interacoustics (Denmark), Audioscan pure-tone audiometer, middle-ear analyzer, fully automatic otolith repositioning chair (Guoyi Huake) with advanced functions, vestibular function examination (electronystagmogram, head-impulse test instrument) equipment, tinnitus diagnosis and treatment instrument, etc. Surgical equipment includes the STOREZ high-definition nasal endoscope imaging system, Medtronic comprehensive power system, low-temperature plasma surgical system, Lumenis (Israel) carbon dioxide laser surgical system, ZESS otolaryngology-specific microscope, various advanced nasal surgical instruments, otomicroscopic surgical instruments, laryngomicrosurgical instruments, etc. Outpatient examination equipment includes the world-leading OLMPUS electronic nasopharyngoscope (with NBI function and early-cancer screening function), German Xion stroboscopic dynamic laryngoscope, voice analyzer, etc.