The Neurology Department of Sanya Central Hospital was established in 1986. Currently, the department has 23 doctors (including 4 rehired doctors, 3 of whom are outstanding retired physicians), 41 nurses, and 144 beds. The team includes 1 master’s/doctoral supervisor, 1 PhD holder, 1 in-service doctoral candidate, 6 chief physicians, 6 associate chief physicians, 6 attending physicians, and 5 resident physicians. Additionally, there are 5 postgraduate students and 15 resident trainees. The department is equipped with a dedicated intensive care unit (ICU), a green channel for cerebral infarction, a neuroelectrophysiology lab, and a video EEG room. It also offers specialized outpatient services for epilepsy, memory disorders, and Parkinson’s disease. The department serves as a residency training base for neurology, a clinical trial base, and an intern base for Hunan University of Medicine. It holds leadership roles in several professional organizations, including the Chair of the Committee for Prevention and Control of Senile Cognitive Disorders under the Hainan Preventive Medicine Association, the Chair of the Sanya Medical Association Neurology Branch, and the Vice-Chair of the Hainan Medical Doctor Association Neurology Branch. With the largest number of beds, the strongest treatment capabilities, and the most advanced technical expertise, the department is the leading neurology department in the southern region of Hainan Province.

In 2021, the department was recognized as a National Advanced Stroke Center and approved as a Hainan Provincial Clinical Medical Center (Cultivation Discipline for Cerebrovascular Diseases). In 2023, it was designated as the "Wang Gaiqing Famous Doctor Studio" in Sanya, a National Advanced Cognitive Disorder Diagnosis and Treatment Center, a Level I Epilepsy Center by the China Anti-Epilepsy Association (CAAE), and a Headache Clinic by the Chinese Research Hospital Association. In 2024, it was further approved as a National Parkinson’s Disease Base and the Sanya "Brain Science Innovation Talent Team Development Center." The department has established the largest interventional team in Hainan (9 members), as well as specialized teams for rehabilitation, cognitive disorders, and neuroelectrophysiology.

The department has published over 100 papers in domestic and international core journals, including more than 30 SCI-indexed papers, 12 papers in Chinese core journals, and 3 English monographs. It has been awarded 1-second prize in provincial natural science, 2 second prizes in provincial scientific progress, 2 third prizes in provincial scientific progress, and 1 second prize from the National Health Commission’s Stroke Prevention Committee (Beidou Award). The department has undertaken over 10 research projects, including 2 National Natural Science Foundation projects, 1 provincial key R&D project, 1 provincial science and technology innovation joint project, 1 provincial natural science project, and 1 municipal project, with total research funding exceeding RMB 2,000,000.